@article {Heiligmann:1975:0015-749X:293, author = "Heiligmann, Randall and Schneider, G.", title = "Black Walnut Seedling Growth in Wind Protected Microenvironments", journal = "Forest Science", volume = "21", number = "3", year = "1975", abstract = "Black walnut seedlings (n = 216) raised from seed in wind protected and exposed field plots were observed for 1 growing season. Barriers significantly reduced wind velocities by 67 percent, solar radiation by 18 percent, and raised air temperatures by 1-3°C. Seedling growth in protected plots was significantly improved, with increases in stem height and diameter of 15 percent, total leaf area 85 percent, and shoot dry weight 110 percent. Length of growing season was extended in protected plots, with leaf senescence occurring one month earlier in exposed areas. Forest Sci. 21:293-297.", pages = "293-297", url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/saf/fs/1975/00000021/00000003/art00021", keyword = "Juglans nigra, wind barriers, solar radiation, xylem sap tension" }