@article {Thorn:2008:0029-1951:290,
title = "Ground temperature variability on a glacier foreland, Storbreen, Jotunheimen, Norway",
journal = "Norwegian Journal of Geography",
parent_itemid = "infobike://routledg/sgeo",
publishercode ="routledg",
year = "2008",
volume = "62",
number = "4",
publication date ="2008-12-01T00:00:00",
pages = "290-302",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "0029-1951",
eissn = "1502-5292",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/sgeo/2008/00000062/00000004/art00004",
doi = "doi:10.1080/00291950802517916",
keyword = "Norway, microtopography, Elevation, soil temperature regimes",
author = "Thorn, Colin and Darmody, Robert and Allen, Charles",
abstract = "Two-years of ground temperatures (10 cm and 50 cm depths) from the foreland of Storbreen in the Jotunheimen Mountains of Norway demonstrate that seasonal and annual ground temperature differences induced by microtopographic position at a constant elevation are comparable to differences stemming from 100 m to 300 m in elevation. Between 1460 m a.s.l. and 1150 m a.s.l., mean annual lapse rates calculated for soil depths of 10 cm were0.8\textdegreeC per100m beneath tundra, moraine crests, and moraine proximal base positions, each of which was calculated independently. Seasonal lapse rates were often larger,1.0\textdegreeC per 100m in both summer and winter. The calculated ground temperature lapse rates compare favorably with those already reported in the literature for the region. Categorical data in the form of Thawed, Freeze-Thaw, Isothermal, and Frozen Days also showed considerable variability by elevation and microtopographic position. Variability in growing conditions was examined by calculating Thawing Degree Days and Growing Degree Days. These values sometimes, but not always, mimic ground temperature patterns. Although no wintertime field observations are available, the depth and duration of seasonal snow cover appears to be the primary source of variability.",
}