Efficiency and its determinants in pharmaceutical industries: ownership, R&D and scale economy

Authors: You, Taewoo¹; Chen, Xiaoying²; Holder, Mark³

Source: Applied Economics, Volume 42, Number 17, July 2010 , pp. 2217-2241(25)

Publisher: Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group

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Abstract:

The purpose of this article is to measure the efficiency of pharmaceutical firms and identify their determinants using Korean and American samples from 1992 to 2004. We document some stylized facts in the patterns and sources of efficiency change in Korean and American pharmaceutical firms. The evidence shows that ownership structure can substantially influence the efficiency of pharmaceutical firms. Especially, institutional ownership rate affects corporate efficiencies negatively, corroborating the myopic institutional investor hypothesis. The hypothesis is supported by both Korean and American samples. However, we find evidence that foreign ownership in Korea promotes efficiency of pharmaceutical firms. It is shown that R&D intensity is positively related to contemporaneous largest ownership rate and prior foreign ownership rate in Korean pharmaceutical firms. In contrast, little evidence is found on the relationship between ownership structure and R&D intensity in the American pharmaceutical industry. These empirical results are robust even after we check the causal links among efficiency, R&D and ownership.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840701765445

Affiliations: 1: Department of Business, Myongji College, Seoul 120-776, Korea 2: Department of Finance, College of Business Administration, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA 3: Department of Finance, Kent, OH 44242, USA

Publication date: 2010-07-01

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