@article {Holmes:2010:0003-6846:185,
	author = "Holmes, P. and Hunt, A. and Stone, I.",
	title = "An analysis of new firm survival using a hazard function",
	journal = "Applied Economics",
	volume = "42",
	number = "2",
	year = "2010",
	abstract = "A unique data set is used to provide a detailed examination of the survival of newly established manufacturing firms in north-east England. Using data on 781 firms established between 1973 and 2001, log-logistic hazard models are estimated separately for (i) micro-enterprises and (ii) small and medium establishments (SMEs). Both micro-enterprises and SMEs show clear evidence of positive duration dependence, followed by negative duration dependence. We find the two firm types are differentially affected by firm-specific and macro-economic variables. Increases in initial plant size impact negatively on micro-enterprise survival and positively on SME survival.",
	pages = "185-195",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/raef/2010/00000042/00000002/art00005",
	doi = "doi:10.1080/00036840701579234"
}