Author: Jae H. Kim

Source: Applied Economics, Volume 37, Number 3, February 20, 2005 , pp. 347-354(8)

Publisher: Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group

Abstract:

The dynamic relationship between advertising and sales in the annual Lydia Pinkham data is re-evaluated. Past studies have found a feedback system, although one-way causality from advertising to sales is expected. The bootstrap method is used in this paper as an alternative to the asymptotic method exclusively adopted by past studies. The impulse response analysis based on bivariate autoregressive (AR) model is conducted. Bootstrap-after-bootstrap confidence intervals on impulse responses provide evidence that sales do not cause advertising, contrary to the findings of past studies. Comparison of bootstrap-after-bootstrap prediction intervals calculated from univariate and bivariate AR models further supports this finding. Overall, this paper finds evidence of one-way causality from advertising to sales.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0003684042000295278

Affiliations: 1: Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics Monash University Caulfield East VIC 3145 Australia, Email: Jae.Kim@BusEco.monash.edu.au

Publication date: 2005-02-01

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