Expertise in basketball modifies perceptual discrimination abilities, underlying cognitive processes, and visual behaviours
In this paper, the links between cognitive constraints, visual behaviours, and perceptual judgements are examined. Two experiments investigated the perceptual processes employed during same–different judgement tasks. In Experiment 1, experts' eye movements (i.e., number of fixations
and fixation duration) were consistent across discrepant source and target conditions where the number of displaced elements was manipulated. In contrast, novices decreased the number of fixations employed as the number of elements displaced increased. The findings are consistent with the
view that both experts and novices process information in a manner (relational or attributional) that constrains the type of visual search used (low or high sensitive to attributional change). In Experiment 2, manipulation of target presentation confirmed that recognition was viewpoint dependent
for both expert and novice players. The degradation in performance was accompanied by a change in the visual search behaviours employed by experts, which confirmed the strength of the search–cognition–performance links.
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Information et des Systèmes, IFR Marey, France
Publication date: 01 January 2006
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