Abolishing the effect of reinforcement delay on human causal learning

Authors: Marc Buehner; Jon May

Source: The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology B, Volume 57, Number 2, April 2004 , pp. 179-191(13)

Publisher: Psychology Press, part of the Taylor & Francis Group

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Abstract:

Associative learning theory postulates two main determinants for human causal learning: contingency and contiguity. In line with such an account, participants in Shanks, Pearson, and Dickinson (1989) failed to discover causal relations involving delays of more than two seconds. More recent research has shown that the impact of contiguity and delay is mediated by prior knowledge about the timeframe of the causal relation in question. Buehner and May (2002, 2003) demonstrated that the detrimental effect of delay can be significantly reduced if reasoners are aware of potential delays. Here we demonstrate for the first time that the negative influence of delay can be abolished completely by a subtle change in the experimental instructions. Temporal contiguity is thus not essential for human causal learning.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724990344000123

Affiliations: 1: University of Sheffield Sheffield UK

Publication date: 2004-04-01

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