IngentaConnect The Role of Personality and Attitudes in Traffic Accident Risk

Abstract:

Cet article presente une recherche portant sur les attitudes sous-tendant la conduite rapide et le taux d'accidents (donnees fournies par les sujets eux-memes). 406 conducteurs ont rempli un questionnaire contenant une echelle de propension a la conduite hors normes (ADVS), le questionnaire de motivation sociale qui fournit un indice de deviance sociale (SMQ) et l'echelle de vitesse du questionnaire de style de conduite (DSQ). Les repondants indiquaient aussi combien d'accidents ils avaient eus ces trois dernieres annees (plusieurs categories etaient prevues). On s'est apercu que les conducteurs portes a ne pas respecter le code de la route et presentant une forte tendance a la deviance sociale roulaient plus vite et reconnaissaient avoir subi davantage d'accidents (la distance parcourue etant controlee). Les accidents concernes etaient essentiellement ceux qui pouvaient raisonnablement etre au moins partiellement imputes au conducteur (par exemple: heurter un autre vehicule a l'arriere). Les resultats parlent en faveur de la validite de l'ADVS pour detecter les conducteurs dangereux et confirment une relation deja observee entre la deviance sociale et le taux d'accidents. This paper describes a study examining the personality and attitude correlates of self-reported fast driving and accident rates. A total of 406 drivers completed a questionnaire containing an Attitude to Driving Violations Scale (ADVS), the Social Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ) yielding a score of social deviance, and the speed subscale of the Driving Style Questionnaire (DSQ). Respondents also indicated how many accidents they had had over the past three years, broken down into several categories. The results indicated that drivers with a more positive attitude to driving violations and higher level of social deviance drove faster and reported more accidents, with mileage controlled for. The association with accidents was primarily with those in which the driver could reasonably have been held to play a causal role (e.g. hitting another vehicle from behind). The results indicate the value of the ADVS as a marker of accident liability and replicate a previous finding of an association between social deviance and accident rates.

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