Psychological Aspects of Road User Behaviour

Author: Rothengatter T.

Source: Applied Psychology, Volume 46, Number 3, 1 July 1997 , pp. 223-234(12)

Publisher: Psychology Press, part of the Taylor & Francis Group

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Abstract:

Le comportement des usagers de la route est un facteur important d'accidents. La psychologie de la circulation, definie comme etant ''l'etude du comportement des usagers de la route et des processus psychologiques sous-tendant ce comportement" essaie d'identifier les determinants du comportement de l'usager de la route avec pour objectif de proposer des mesures efficaces pour prevenir les accidents. Les modeles du comportement de l'usager de la route impliquent l'analyse des taches du conducteur et la conception de modeles fonctionnels du controle et de la motivation centres sur la prise de risque et la tolerance au risque. La relation existant entre l'accident et le comportement le precedant est loin d'etre claire; des differences individuelles, des variables ponctuelles et des dimensions relevant aussi bien de la performance que de la motivation semblent pertinentes. La modification du comportement des usagers de la route recouvre la formation du conducteur, la sanction et la reeducation. Etant donne l'impact des transports sur l'environnement en termes de pollution et de modification des paysages, la mobilite et la possibilite d'agir sur le choix du mode de transport et sur les comportements de deplacement sont l'un des grands defis de l'avenir. The behaviour of road users is an important factor in accident causation. Traffic psychology, defined as ''the study of the behaviour of road users and the psychological processes underlying that behaviour", attempts to identify the determinants of road user behaviour with the aim of developing effective accident countermeasures. Models of road user behaviour involve driver task analyses, functional control models, and motivational models focused on risk taking and risk acceptance. The relation between accident occurrence and the preceding behaviour is largely unclear; performance aspects as well as motivational aspects, individual differences and momentary state variables all appear to be relevant. Attempts to modify road user behaviour involve driver training, enforcement, and rehabilitation. Given the impact of the transport system on the environment in terms of pollution and land use, mobility, and the possibilities of influencing transport mode choice and travel behaviour, will be a major challenge in the future.

Language: English

Document Type: Research article

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