IngentaConnect A New Polio Vaccine?

Authors: Cello, Jeronimo; de Jesús, Nidia; Chumakov, Konstantin; Ying, Jiang; Paul, Aniko V.; Gromeier, Mathias; Wimmer, Eckard

Source: Vaccines. Preventing Disease and Protecting Health, Vaccines. Preventing Disease and Protecting Health , pp. 183-188(6)

Publisher: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)

Abstract:

The almost total elimination wild type (wt) polioviruses has been achieved through the use of oral polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). This article supports the development of a new polio vaccine based on reasons as the discovery of poliomyelitis outbreaks in Egypt, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, the Philippines and Madagascar and the fact that individuals who are deficient in humoral immunity can excrete vaccine strains of poliovirus for prolonged periods. The author also discusses a number of attenuated polio virus strain derivatives that can be used as substrates for a new IPV: strains generated by exchanging the poliovirus internal ribosomal entry site with its counterparts from human rhinovirus type 2 and strains generated by genetic alterations of the region between the cloverleaf and internal ribosomal entry site of poliovirus. This is a chapter included in Vaccines. Preventing Disease and Protecting Health, a book that celebrates the ways in which vaccines have played a role in improving the health of the world's populations.

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