Typhoid Fever and Cholera Vaccines
Author: Levine, Myron M.
Source: Vaccines. Preventing Disease and Protecting Health, Vaccines. Preventing Disease and Protecting Health , pp. 120-129(10)
Publisher: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
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Abstract:
This article discusses the characteristics and history of typhoid fever and the development of a new generation of typhoid vaccine strains in the 70's, namely attenuated strain Ty21a used as a live oral vaccine and purified Vi polysaccharide used as a parenteral vaccine, which represent an important advance over the old highly reactogenic killed whole cell parenteral vaccine. Nevertheless, Ty21a and Vi each suffer from certain drawbacks and new generation typhoid vaccines are under development and the authors anticipate that over the next few years new typhoid vaccines will become licensed products. The second part of the article discusses recent epidemiological events that exemplify why cholera harnesses the attention of public health authorities today. Modern Oral cholera vaccines already licensed in many countries are presented (BS-WCV and CVD 103-HgR) as other cholera vaccines now under development. This is a chapter included in Vaccines. Preventing Disease and Protecting Health, a book that celebrates the ways in which vaccines have played a role in improving the health of the world's populations.Keywords: Vaccines; Vaccine Development; Public Health; Immunization; Disease Prevention; Cholera; Oral cholera vaccines; Typhoid fever; Ty21a; Vi; BS-WCV; CVD 103-HgR; The Americas
Document Type: Miscellaneous
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