@article {Richmond:2012:0008-4301:815,
	author = "Richmond, S. and Nol, E. and Burke, D.",
	title = "Local- versus landscape-scale effects on the demography of three forest-breeding songbirds in Ontario, Canada",
	journal = "Canadian Journal of Zoology",
	volume = "90",
	number = "7",
	year = "2012",
	abstract = "Reproductive success of songbirds breeding in forest fragments can be influenced by local habitat characteristics and by anthropogenic land uses in the surrounding matrix such as exurban development and agriculture. Effectively managing these songbirds requires an understanding of which spatial scales most strongly influence their demography. We conducted a multiscale study to investigate the relative influence of local vegetation characteristics and landscape composition at two spatial scales (100 and 2000 m) in a predominantly agricultural landscape on songbird demography. Density, pairing success, nest success, and productivity were assessed for Ovenbirds (<I>&#60;named-content content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"&#62;Seiurus aurocapilla&#60;/named-content&#62;</I> (L., 1766)), Wood Thrush (<I>&#60;named-content content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"&#62;Hylocichla mustelina&#60;/named-content&#62;</I> (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)), and American Robins (<I>&#60;named-content content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"&#62;Turdus migratorius&#60;/named-content&#62;</I> L., 1766) in 16 deciduous forest fragments in southeastern Ontario. Demography of Ovenbirds was most strongly associated with local vegetation characteristics, while demography of Wood Thrush and American Robins was most strongly related to landscape composition within a 2000 m buffer. For all three species, cross-scale correlations influenced nest success, although other demographic parameters were less affected. We conclude that relationships between local- and landscape-scale metrics and songbird demography are complex, species-specific, and differ among reproductive parameters, necessitating a multiscale approach to management.",
	pages = "815-828",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nrc/cjz/2012/00000090/00000007/art00004",
	doi = "doi:10.1139/z2012-051",
	keyword = "Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla), Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina), American Robins (Turdus migratorius), landscape composition, local habitat, multiscale, cross-scale correlation, demography, paruline couronn&#233;e (Seiurus aurocapilla), grive des bois (Hylocichla mustelina), merle d'Am&#233;rique (Turdus migratorius), composition du paysage, habitat local, multi-&#233;chelles, corr&#233;lation entre &#233;chelles, d&#233;mographie"
}