Authors: Kumar, Jyant; Raju, K. V.S.B.

Source: Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Volume 46, Number 2, February 2009 , pp. 231-240(10)

Publisher: NRC Research Press

Abstract:

In a continuation of the authors' recent work, the ultimate tip resistance of a miniature cone using triaxial equipment was determined for samples of dry sand mixed with dry fly ash. The effect of (i) the proportion of fly ash, (ii) the relative density of samples, and (iii) the vertical overburden pressure was examined. It was noted that an addition of fly ash in sand for the same range of relative density leads to a significant reduction in the ultimate tip resistance of the cone (q_cu). This occurs due to a decrease in the friction angle () of the sample with an increase in the fly ash content for a given relative density. For greater than about 30°, two widely used correlation curves from published literature, providing the relationships between q_cu and for cohesionless soils, were found to provide satisfactory predictions, even for sand - fly ash mixtures. As was expected, the values of q_cu increase continuously with an increase in the relative density of the soil mass and the vertical effective (overburden) stress on the sample.

Pour faire suite aux récents travaux faits par les auteurs, la résistance ultime de la pointe d'un cône miniature a été déterminé pour des échantillons de sable sec mélangé avec des cendres volantes sèches. Les effets suivants ont été examinés : (i) la proportion de cendres volantes, (ii) la densité relative des échantillons et (iii) la pression des terres sus-jacentes.Il a été observé que l'ajout de cendres volantes dans le sable, pour des densités relatives similaires, entraîne une réduction importante de la résistance ultime de la pointe du cône (q_cu). Ceci est dû à une diminution de l'angle de friction () de l'échantillon avec l'augmentation de la teneur en cendres volantes pour une densité donnée. Pour supérieur à environ 30°, deux courbes de corrélation (provenant de la littérature) communément utilisées, qui expriment les relations entre q_cu et pour des sols sans cohésion, ont fourni des prédictions satisfaisantes même pour les mélanges sable-cendres volantes. Tel que prévu, les valeurs de q_cu augmentent continuellement avec une augmentation de la densité relative du sol et de la contrainte effective verticale (pression des terres) sur les échantillons.

Document Type: Research article

Publication date: 2009-02-01

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• Published since 1963, this monthly journal features articles, notes, and discussions related to new developments in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, and applied sciences. The topics of papers written by researchers, theoreticians, and engineers/scientists active in industry include soil and rock mechanics, material properties and fundamental behaviour, site characterization, foundations, excavations, tunnels, dams and embankments, slopes, landslides, geological and rock engineering, ground improvement, hydrogeology and contaminant hydrogeology, geochemistry, waste management, geosynthetics, offshore engineering, ice, frozen ground and northern engineering, risk and reliability applications, and physical and numerical modelling. Papers on actual case records from practice are encouraged and frequently featured.
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