Authors: Hu, Gang; Lakka, Timo A.; Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O.; Tuomilehto, Jaakko

Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Volume 32, Number 3, June 2007 , pp. 583-595(13)

Publisher: NRC Research Press

Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes is one of the fastest growing public health problems in both developed and developing countries. It is estimated that the number of people with diabetes in the world will double in coming years, from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. Cardiovascular disease accounts for more than 70% of total mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. The associations of physical activity, physical fitness, and changes in the lifestyle with the risk of type 2 diabetes have been assessed by a number of prospective studies and clinical trials in the past decade. Several studies have also evaluated the joint associations of physical activity, body mass index, and glucose levels with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Prospective studies and clinical trials have shown that moderate or high levels of physical activity or physical fitness and changes in the lifestyle (dietary modification and increase in physical activity) can prevent type 2 diabetes. Our review of the scientific evidence confirms that 30min/d of moderate- or high-level physical activity is an effective and safe way to prevent type 2 diabetes in all populations.

Le diabète de type 2 est un des problèmes de santé publique qui prend de plus en plus d'ampleur dans les pays développés et en voie de développement. On estime que le nombre de diabétiques dans le monde passera de 171 millions en 2000 à 366 millions en 2030. Chez les diabétiques de type 2, plus de 70 % des décès sont attribuables aux maladies cardiovasculaires. On a effectué lors des dix dernières années, des études prospectives et des essais cliniques sur les relations entre l'activité physique, la condition physique, les modifications du mode de vie et le risque de diabète de type 2. D'autres études ont aussi fait des liens entre l'activité physique, l'indice de masse corporelle, la glycémie et le risque de diabète de type 2. Les résultats s'appuyant sur les études prospectives et les essais cliniques démontrent qu'un niveau modéré ou important d'activité physique et une bonne ou très bonne condition physique combinée à des modifications du mode de vie (régime alimentaire et pratique de l'activité physique) contribuent à prévenir le diabète de type 2. Notre revue de la littérature scientifique confirme que 30 minutes d'activité physique d'intensité modérée à élevée constitue un moyen efficace et sécuritaire de prévenir le diabète de type 2 chez toutes les populations.

Document Type: Research article

Publication date: 2007-06-01

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• This bimonthly journal has a 30-year history of publishing, first as the Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences, and later as the Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology. It publishes original research articles, reviews, and commentaries, focussing on the application of physiology, nutrition, and metabolism to the study of human health, physical activity, and fitness. The published research, reviews, and symposia will be of interest to exercise physiologists, physical fitness and exercise rehabilitation specialists, public health and health care professionals, as well as basic and applied physiologists, nutritionists, and biochemists.
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