Differential cytokine expression in skin after single and repeated irritation by sodium lauryl sulphate

Authors: de Jongh, Cindy M.¹; Lutter, René²; Verberk, Maarten M.¹; Kezic, Sanja¹

Source: Experimental Dermatology, Volume 16, Number 12, December 2007 , pp. 1032-1040(9)

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Abstract:

Please cite this paper as: Differential cytokine expression in skin after single and repeated irritation by sodium lauryl sulphate. Experimental Dermatology 2007; 16: 1032-1040. Abstract:

In vivo levels of cytokines and presence of neutrophils and eosinophils in skin irritation are not well known. Our objective was to get more insight in inflammatory mediators and markers involved in single and repeated skin irritation. We sampled epidermis-derived fluid using a novel technology that includes application of a negative pressure on the skin after creation of micropores in the stratum corneum by a laser. In nine volunteers, transdermal fluid was sampled after a single 4-h 10% sodium lauryl sulphate exposure and a repeated 3-week exposure (0.1% sodium lauryl sulphate). Twenty-seven cytokines were assessed by multiplex assay, and IL-1α, eosinophil cationic protein and myeloperoxidase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of eosinophil cationic protein were increased after irritation and correlated with levels of myeloperoxidase. The levels of inflammatory mediators showed large interindividual differences in unexposed and exposed skin. Despite this variation, several mediators clearly showed increased levels: CC chemokine ligand (CCL)11, CXCL10 and vascular endothelial growth factor after both single and repeated exposure, IL-1α and basic fibroblast growth factor after single exposure and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) after repeated exposure. After repeated exposure, CCL5 and the ratio IL-1RA/IL-1α both increased compared with single exposure. We conclude that single and repeated irritation induces differential and concerted expression of various inflammatory mediators and markers.

Keywords: cytokines; in vivo; skin irritation; sodium lauryl sulphate; transdermal fluid

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00628.x

Affiliations: 1: Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2: Departments of Pulmonology and Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Publication date: 2007-12-01

Differential cytokine expression in skin after single and repeated irritation by sodium lauryl sulphate

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