Authors: Ghosh, Mimi¹; Shen, Zheng¹; Schaefer, Todd M.¹; Fahey, John V.¹; Gupta, Phalguni²; Wira, Charles R.¹

Source: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, Volume 62, Number 1, July 2009 , pp. 60-71(12)

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Abstract:

Problem 

CCL20/MIP3α is a chemokine for immature dendritic cells as well as an antibacterial against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The role of CCL20/MIP3α as an antiviral is unknown. In this study, we have examined the production of CCL20/MIP3α by epithelial cells from the upper female reproductive tract as well as its activity as an antiviral molecule. Method of study 

Primary uterine and Fallopian tube epithelial cells were treated with Poly(I:C) and CCL20/MIP3α mRNA and protein was measured by Realtime RT-PCR and ELISA assays. Anti-HIV activity was determined using an indicator cell line TZM-bl and quantified by using a luminometer. Results 

Primary uterine and Fallopian tube epithelial cells produce CCL20/MIP3α constitutively and the production is enhanced following stimulation with viral double-stranded RNA mimic Poly(I:C). Recombinant CCL20/MIP3α was able to inhibit both T-cell-tropic X4/IIIB and macrophage-tropic R5/BaL HIV-1 when virus was directly incubated with CCL20/MIP3α but not when CCL20/MIP3α was added to cells either prior to infection or post-infection. This suggests that the mechanism of inhibition is likely to be a direct interaction between HIV-1 and CCL20/MIP3α. Conclusion 

This study demonstrates that CCL20/MIP3α is an important endogenous anti-HIV-1 microbicide of the female reproductive tract.

Keywords: Antiviral; CCL20/MIP3α; female reproductive tract; HIV; Poly(I:C)

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.2009.00713.x

Affiliations: 1: Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA 2: Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Publication date: 2009-07-01

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• In this Subject: Anatomy & Physiology ,  Allergy & Immunology ,  Obstetrics & Gynecology
• By this author: Ghosh, Mimi ;  Shen, Zheng ;  Schaefer, Todd M. ;  Fahey, John V. ;  Gupta, Phalguni ;  Wira, Charles R.

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