IngentaConnect Dietary antioxidants provide differential subcellular protection ...

Authors: Jarrett, Stuart G.¹; Cuenco, Joy¹; Boulton, Mike²

Source: Redox Report, Volume 11, Number 4, August 2006 , pp. 144-152(9)

Abstract:

This study aimed to evaluate the organelle-specific antioxidant/pro-oxidant actions of clinically important dietary antioxidants against oxidative stress. An in vitro cellular model was employed to investigate the antioxidant/pro-oxidant effects of various concentrations (1, 10 and 100 μM) of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and β-carotene during H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. Damage to nuclear and mitochondrial genomes was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and oxidation of membrane lipids was measured via colorimetric assays. The key findings were: (i) dietary antioxidants conferred a dose-dependent protective effect (with a pro-oxidant shift at higher concentrations); (ii) the protection conferred to different sub-cellular organelles is highly specific to the dietary antioxidant; (iii) the mtDNA is highly sensitive to oxidative attack compared to nDNA (P < 0.05); and (iv) mtDNA protection conferred by dietary antioxidants was required to improve protection against oxidative-induced cell death. This study shows that antioxidant-induced protection of mtDNA is an important target for future oxidative stress therapies.

Keywords: ASCORBIC ACID; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; BETA-CAROTENE; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA DAMAGE; NUCLEAR DNA DAMAGE; LIPID PEROXIDATION

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1179/135100006X116646

Affiliations: 1: Cell and Molecular Biology Unit, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK 2: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA

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