Authors: Rao, Raghavendra¹; Tkac, Ivan²; Schmidt, Adam T.¹; Georgieff, Michael K.¹

Source: Nutritional Neuroscience, Volume 14, Number 2, March 2011 , pp. 59-65(7)

Publisher: Maney Publishing

Abstract:

Objective:

Perinatal iron deficiency results in persistent hippocampus-based cognitive deficits in adulthood despite iron supplementation. The objective of the present study was to determine the long-term effects of perinatal iron deficiency and its treatment on hippocampal anatomy and neurochemistry in formerly iron-deficient young adult rats.

Methods:

Perinatal iron deficiency was induced using a low-iron diet during gestation and the first postnatal week in male rats. Hippocampal size was determined using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging at 8 weeks of age. Hippocampal neurochemical profile, consisting of 17 metabolites indexing neuronal and glial integrity, energy reserves, amino acids, and myelination, was quantified using high-field in vivo¹H NMR spectroscopy at 9.4T (N=11) and compared with iron-sufficient control group (N=10).

Results:

The brain iron concentration was 56% lower than the control group at 7 days of age in the iron-deficient group, but had recovered completely at 8 weeks. The cross-sectional area of the hippocampus was decreased by 12% in the formerly iron-deficient group (P=0.0002). The hippocampal neurochemical profile was altered: relative to the control group, creatine, lactate, N-acetylaspartylglutamate, and taurine concentrations were 6?29% lower, and glutamine concentration 18% higher in the formerly iron-deficient hippocampus (P<0.05).

Discussion:

Perinatal iron deficiency was associated with reduced hippocampal size and altered neurochemistry in adulthood, despite correction of brain iron deficiency. The neurochemical changes suggest suppressed energy metabolism, neuronal activity, and plasticity in the formerly iron-deficient hippocampus. These anatomic and neurochemical changes are consistent with previous structural and behavioral studies demonstrating long-term hippocampal dysfunction following perinatal iron deficiency.

Keywords: Perinatal iron deficiency; 1H NMR spectroscopy; Newborn; Hippocampus; Iron

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1476830511Y.0000000001

Affiliations: 1: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA 2: Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Publication date: 2011-03-01

More about this publication?

• Editorial Board
• Information for Authors
• Submit a Paper
• Subscribe to this Title
• Information for Advertisers
• Terms & Conditions
• Top Articles
• Health Sciences Spotlight
• Virtual Maney - Stroke
• ingentaconnect is not responsible for the content or availability of external websites

Related content

• In this: publication
• By this: publisher
• In this Subject: Neurology & Psychiatry
• By this author: Rao, Raghavendra ;  Tkac, Ivan ;  Schmidt, Adam T. ;  Georgieff, Michael K.

Website © Publishing Technology. Article copyright remains with the publisher, society or author(s) as specified within the article.

• Terms and conditions
• Privacy policy
• Information for advertisers