Seasonal and Diurnal Variation in Atmospheric Ammonia in an Urban Environment Measured Using a Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectrometer

Authors: Whitehead, J.; Longley, I.; Gallagher, M.

Source: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, Volume 183, Numbers 1-4, July 2007 , pp. 317-329(13)

Publisher: Springer

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Abstract:

Extensive measurements were made using an Aerodyne quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer (QCLAS) to study the diurnal and seasonal cycles of NH₃ concentrations in Manchester city centre. Measurements made at rooftop levels showed traffic to be a significant source of NH₃ concentrations in the winter. This was illustrated by a bimodal diurnal cycle of NH₃ concentrations that was synchronized with traffic, and also by a correlation with NO_x, a traffic related pollutant. These patterns were not observed during the summer, suggesting other sources become more important. Measurements were also made at street level during winter and summer, close to the traffic source. This time the contribution from traffic was also observed in the summer, albeit weaker. Enhanced NH₃ concentrations were often seen in winds from the southwest that could not be related to local sources, suggesting that ambient concentrations in the city are strongly influenced by sources outside the city. It is estimated that the total NH₃ emission from the city centre is between 0.7 and 2.3 t km⁻² year⁻¹.

Keywords: Ammonia; Emissions; TDLAS; Traffic pollution; Urban atmosphere

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9381-5

Affiliations: 1: Email: James.Whitehead@manchester.ac.uk

Publication date: 2007-07-01