In-flight Performance and Initial Results of Plasma Energy Angle and Composition Experiment (PACE) on SELENE (Kaguya)

Authors: Saito, Yoshifumi¹; Yokota, Shoichiro²; Asamura, Kazushi²; Tanaka, Takaaki²; Nishino, Masaki²; Yamamoto, Tadateru²; Terakawa, Yuta³; Fujimoto, Masaki²; Hasegawa, Hiroshi²; Hayakawa, Hajime²; Hirahara, Masafumi⁴; Hoshino, Masahiro⁴; Machida, Shinobu⁵; Mukai, Toshifumi²; Nagai, Tsugunobu³; Nagatsuma, Tsutomu⁶; Nakagawa, Tomoko⁷; Nakamura, Masato²; Oyama, Koh-ichiro⁸; Sagawa, Eiichi⁹; Sasaki, Susumu²; Seki, Kanako¹⁰; Shinohara, Iku²; Terasawa, Toshio³; Tsunakawa, Hideo³; Shibuya, Hidetoshi¹¹; Matsushima, Masaki³; Shimizu, Hisayoshi¹²; Takahashi, Futoshi³

Source: Space Science Reviews, Volume 154, Numbers 1-4, July 2010 , pp. 265-303(39)

Publisher: Springer

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Abstract:

MAP-PACE (MAgnetic field and Plasma experiment—Plasma energy Angle and Composition Experiment) on SELENE (Kaguya) has completed its ∼1.5-year observation of low-energy charged particles around the Moon. MAP-PACE consists of 4 sensors: ESA (Electron Spectrum Analyzer)-S1, ESA-S2, IMA (Ion Mass Analyzer), and IEA (Ion Energy Analyzer). ESA-S1 and S2 measured the distribution function of low-energy electrons in the energy range 6 eV-9 keV and 9 eV-16 keV, respectively. IMA and IEA measured the distribution function of low-energy ions in the energy ranges 7 eV/q-28 keV/q and 7 eV/q-29 keV/q. All the sensors performed quite well as expected from the laboratory experiment carried out before launch. Since each sensor has a hemispherical field of view, two electron sensors and two ion sensors installed on the spacecraft panels opposite each other could cover the full 3-dimensional phase space of low-energy electrons and ions. One of the ion sensors IMA is an energy mass spectrometer. IMA measured mass-specific ion energy spectra that have never before been obtained at a 100 km altitude polar orbit around the Moon. The newly observed data show characteristic ion populations around the Moon. Besides the solar wind, MAP-PACE-IMA found four clearly distinguishable ion populations on the dayside of the Moon: (1) Solar wind protons backscattered at the lunar surface, (2) Solar wind protons reflected by magnetic anomalies on the lunar surface, (3) Reflected/backscattered protons picked-up by the solar wind, and (4) Ions originating from the lunar surface/lunar exosphere.

Keywords: Moon; Ion; Electron; Solar wind; Plasma

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9647-x

Affiliations: 1: Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 229-8510, Japan, Email: saito@stp.isas.jaxa.jp 2: Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 229-8510, Japan 3: Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan 4: University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan 5: Kyoto University, Oiwake-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan 6: National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795, Japan 7: Tohoku Institute of Technology, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 982-8577, Japan 8: National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, 32001, Taiwan (R.O.C.) 9: Research Institute of Telecommunications and Economics, 3-22-1 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan 10: Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 3-13 Honohara, Toyokawa, Aichi, 442-8507, Japan 11: Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan 12: Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan

Publication date: 2010-07-01

In-flight Performance and Initial Results of Plasma Energy Angle and Composition Experiment (PACE) on SELENE (Kaguya)

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