@article {Allen:1999:0165-0106:537,
	author = "Allen C.",
	title = "Animal Concepts Revisited: the use of Self- Monitoring as an Empirical Approach",
	journal = "Erkenntnis",
	volume = "51",
	year = "1999",
	abstract = "<P>Many psychologists and philosophers believe that the close correlation between human language and human concepts makes the attribution of concepts to nonhuman animals highly questionable. I argue for a three-part approach to attributing concepts to animals. The approach goes beyond the usual discrimination tests by seeking evidence for self-monitoring of discrimination errors. Such evidence can be collected without relying on language and, I argue, the capacity for error-detection can only be explained by attributing a kind of internal representation that is reasonably identified as a concept. Thus I hope to have shown that worries about the empirical intractability of concepts in languageless animals are misplaced.</P>",
	pages = "537-544(8)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/erke/1999/00000051/00000001/00232199"
}