Dimensions of Negative Thinking and the Relations with Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents

Authors: Rood, Lea¹; Roelofs, Jeffrey²; Bögels, Susan³; Alloy, Lauren⁴

Source: Cognitive Therapy and Research, Volume 34, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 333-342(10)

Publisher: Springer

Abstract:

The current study sought to examine three forms of negative, repetitive thinking in non-clinical children and adolescents aged between 10 and 18. More specifically, this study addressed the degree to which stress-reactive rumination can be differentiated from other forms of repetitive thinking, such as emotion-focused rumination and worry, and the associations between the various indices of repetitive thinking and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaires including measures of stress-reactive rumination, emotion-focused rumination, worry, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Results showed that stress-reactive rumination, emotion-focused rumination and worry are related but distinct forms of repetitive negative thinking. Positive associations were found between all indices of repetitive thinking and symptoms of depression and anxiety, but the effects of emotion-focused rumination disappeared when controlling for the other forms of repetitive thinking. The findings are discussed in the light of current theories and previous research, and directions for future research are provided.

Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Repetitive thinking; Rumination; Worry

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9261-y

Affiliations: 1: Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Email: L.Rood@maastrichtuniversity.nl 2: Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands 3: Department of Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 4: Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Publication date: 2010-08-01

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