Part II: Applications of Process-Based Theories: Process and Emergence: Normative Function and Representation

Author: Bickhard, Mark

Source: Axiomathes, Volume 14, Numbers 1-3, January 2003 , pp. 121-155(35)

Publisher: Springer

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Abstract:

Kim’s argument appears to render causally efficacious emergence impossible:Hume’s argument appears to render normative emergence impossible, and, inits general form, it precludes any emergence at all. I argue that both of thesebarriers can be overcome, and, in fact, that they each constitute reductions oftheir respective underlying presuppositions. In particular, causally efficaciousontological emergence can be modeled, but only within a process metaphysics,thus avoiding Kim’s argument, and making use of non-abbreviatory forms ofdefinition, thus avoiding Hume’s argument. I illustrate these points with modelsof the emergent nature of normative function and of representation.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1023/B:AXIO.0000006791.23077.b1

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