@article {Grech:May 2005:0925-1030:127,
	author = "Grech, Ivan",
	author = "Micallef, Joseph",
	author = "Azzopardi, George",
	author = "Debono, Carl",
	title = "A Low Voltage Wide-Input-Range Bulk-Input CMOS OTA",
	journal = "Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing",
	volume = "43",
	year = "May 2005",
	abstract = "The <I>G</I><SUB><I>m</I></SUB>-<I>C</I> technique is extensively used for continuous-time filtering applications because it results in tunable, wideband and compact designs. In this paper, an OTA architecture using a novel bulk-input differential pair without the use of a tail current source is proposed. Good CMRR is still achieved by using the gate terminal to control the total current in the differential pair, via the use of a dummy pair. The OTA also exhibits a wide differential input range and good <I>G</I><SUB><I>m</I></SUB>-tunability. For this design, two standard double-poly double-metal CMOS processes were investigated: a 0.8 <IMG SRC="/iso-ents/isogrk32/mu-s.gif" ALT="mu">m process having a nominal threshold voltage of around 0.7 V and a 0.35 <IMG SRC="/iso-ents/isogrk32/mu-s.gif" ALT="mu">m process having a nominal threshold voltage of 0.5 V. Simulation results are presented for both designs while test results are presented, for the OTA, implemented using the 0.8 <IMG SRC="/iso-ents/isogrk32/mu-s.gif" ALT="mu"> m process, used in a second order cochlea low-pass filter.",
	pages = "127-136(10)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/alog/2005/00000043/00000002/00006786"
	doi = "doi:10.1007/s10470-005-6786-1"
}