High-Resolution Anoscopy in the Diagnosis of Anal Cancer Precursor Lesions in Renal Graft Recipients

Authors: Tramujas da Costa e Silva, Ivan¹; de Lima Ferreira, Luiz Carlos²; Santos Gimenez, Felicidad³; Gonçalves Guimarães, Ricardo²; Botinelly Fujimoto, Luciana²; Barbosa Cabral, Celso⁴; Venturim Mozzer, Renzo⁵; de Souza Atala, Larissa⁵

Source: Annals of Surgical Oncology, Volume 15, Number 5, May 2008 , pp. 1470-1475(6)

Publisher: Springer

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Abstract:

Renal graft recipients are one of the population groups known to be at high risk of developing anal cancer. This study investigated the presence of subclinical anal squamous intraepithelial lesions and the diagnostic ability of high-resolution anoscopy in detecting these lesions in renal graft recipients followed-up in Manaus.

In a cross-sectional study, 50 renal graft recipients were interviewed and submitted to high-resolution anoscopy with biopsies of acetowhite lesions or of the anal transition zone mucosa when acetowhitening was absent. Considering the histopathological reports of the examined anal specimens as the gold standard, the diagnostic validation and precision measures of high-resolution anoscopy were calculated as well as the prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in the studied population.

In 42 renal graft recipients with satisfactory histopathological readings, prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions or condyloma acuminatum (ASIL-ACU) was 23.81%. Sensitivity of high-resolution anoscopy was 100%; specificity, 65.63%; positive predictive value, 47.62%; negative predictive value, 100%; and kappa coefficient, 0.48.

With a prevalence of 23.81% of subclinical ASIL-ACU lesions, the studied renal graft recipients had all these lesions detected by high-resolution anoscopy, notwithstanding most anal transition zone acetowhitened biopsied areas did not reveal histopathological aspects of anal cancer precursor lesions or condyloma acuminatum. Therefore, greater experience with the diagnostic tool was felt necessary to enhance its positive predictive value, specificity and diagnostic precision.

Keywords: Renal transplantation; Anus neoplasms; Early diagnosis; Colposcopy

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1245/s10434-007-9750-8

Affiliations: 1: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal University of Amazonas, Rua Afonso Pena, 1053, Manaus, Amazonas, 69020-160, Brazil, Email: itramujas@ufam.edu.br 2: Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, 69020-160, Brazil 3: Getulio Vargas University Hospital, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, 69020-160, Brazil 4: Department of Statistics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, 69020-160, Brazil 5: School of Medicine, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, 69020-160, Brazil

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