@article {Hess:2005:0020-1324:514,
	author = "Hess, Dean R.",
	title = "Facilitating Speech in the Patient With a Tracheostomy",
	journal = "Respiratory Care",
	volume = "50",
	number = "4",
	year = "2005",
	abstract = "A tracheostomy tube decreases the ability of the patient to communicate effectively. The ability to speak provides an important improvement in the quality of life for a patient with a tracheostomy. In mechanically ventilated patients, speech can be provided by the use of a talking tracheostomy tube, using a cuff-down technique with a speaking valve, and using a cuff-down technique without a speaking valve. Speech can be facilitated in patients with a tracheostomy tube who are breathing spontaneously by use of a talking tracheostomy tube, by using a cuff-down technique with finger occlusion of the proximal tracheostomy tube, and with the use of a cuff-down technique with a speaking valve. Teamwork between the patient and the patient care team (respiratory therapist, speech-language pathologist, nurse, and physician) can result in effective restoration of speech in many patients with a long-term tracheostomy.",
	pages = "514-520",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jrcc/rc/2005/00000050/00000004/art00011",
	keyword = "SPEAKING VALVE, SPEECH, TALKING TRACHEOSTOMY TUBE, TRACHEOSTOMY, MECHANICAL VENTILATION, COMPLICATIONS"
}