Home >> Respiratory Care, Volume 50, Number 2

Using Ventilator and Cardiovascular Graphics in the Patient Who Is Hemodynamically Unstable

Authors: Murphy, Bryant A.1; Durbin Jr, Charles G.2

Source: Respiratory Care, Volume 50, Number 2, February 2005 , pp. 262-274(13)

Publisher: The Journal Respiratory Care Company

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Abstract:

The interaction of a mechanical ventilator and the human cardiovascular system is complex. One of the most important effects of positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) is that it can decrease venous return. PPV also alters right- and left-ventricular ejection. Increased lung volume increases rightventricular size by increasing pulmonary vascular resistance, causing intraventricular cardiacseptum shift, and decreasing left-ventricular filling. Increased intrathoracic pressure reduces afterload on the LV and increases ejection of blood from the LV. Understanding and managing these complex and often opposing interactions in critically ill patients is facilitated by analysis of hemodynamic and ventilator waveforms at the bedside. The relationship of PPV to changes in the arterial pressure waveform gives important information regarding appropriate fluid and vasopressor treatment. This article focuses on effects of respiratory pressures on hemodynamics and considers how cardiac pressures can be transmitted to the airway and cause ventilator malfunction.

Keywords: POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATION; CARDIAC OUTPUT; HEMODYNAMICS; SYSTOLIC PRESSURE VARIATION; VENOUS RETURN; AUTO-TRIGGERING; ARTERIAL PRESSURE

Document Type: Research article

Affiliations: 1: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 2: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health Science Center, PO Box 800710, Charlottesville VA 22908-0170;, Email: cgd8v@virginia.edu

Publication date: 2005-02-01

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