Authors: Santin M.¹; Alcaide F.²

Source: The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 7, Number 7, July 2003 , pp. 673-677(5)

Publisher: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in survival and trends in occurrence of Mycobacterium kansasii disease in HIV-infected patients after implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

METHODS: Retrospective analysis of cases of M. kansasii infection diagnosed at the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain, between 1991 and 2002. As HAART was introduced at the end of 1996, the study period was divided into periods A (1991–1996) and B (1997–2002).

RESULTS: During the study period 44 cases of active M. kansasii disease were identified. The median number of cases per year was five in period A and two in period B. There were no differences in clinical presentation be-tween the two periods. The estimated 24-month survival rate was 16% for period A and 65% for period B (P = 0.0065). Both HAART (RR 11.2; 95%CI 3.8–33.9; P < 0.001) and non-disseminated disease (RR 2.45; 95%CI 1.1–5.2; P = 0.02) were independently associated with longer survival.

CONCLUSIONS: A substantial improvement in the outcome and a fall in new cases of M. kansasii in patients infected with HIV-1 was observed in our institution, mainly as a consequence of the introduction of effective antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral treatment should be encouraged in these patients, even in cases of severe immunosuppression.

Keywords: M. kansasii; HIV-1; highly active antiretroviral therapy

Document Type: Regular paper

Affiliations: 1: Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, LÕHospitalet, Barcelona, Spain 2: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, LÕHospitalet, Barcelona, Spain

Publication date: 2003-07-01

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• The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease publishes articles on all aspects of lung health, including public health-related issues such as training programmes, cost-benefit analysis, legislation, epidemiology, intervention studies and health systems research. The IJTLD is dedicated to the continuing education of physicians and health personnel and the dissemination of information on tuberculosis and lung health world-wide.

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