Authors: M. Ohno¹; I. Yamaguchi¹; I. Yamamoto¹; T. Fukuda¹; S. Yokota²; R. Maekura²; M. Ito²; Y. Yamamoto³; T. Ogura²; K. Maeda⁴; K. Komuta⁴; T. Igarashi⁴; J. Azuma¹

Source: The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 4, Number 3, March 2000 , pp. 256-261(6)

Publisher: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Abstract:

SETTING: Japanese in-patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal liver function receiving treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin (INH + RMP).

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the relationship between N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genotype and the incidence of isoniazid + rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity.

DESIGN: Prospective study. After NAT2* genotyping, 77 patients were classified into three groups according to their NAT2* genotypes: rapid-type (a homozygote of NAT2*4), intermediate-type (a heterozygote of NAT2*4 and mutant alleles) and slow-type (a combination of mutant alleles). Their biochemical profiles of liver function test were investigated for 3 months to assess the development of serum aminotransferase elevation.

RESULT: Of the 77 patients, 18.2% developed adverse hepatic reaction within the first month of INH + RMP treatment. A significant association was observed between hepatotoxicity and NAT2* genotype: compared with rapid-type, the relative risk was 4.0 (95%CI 1.94–6.06) for intermediate-type and 28.0 (95%CI 26.0–30.0) for slow-type. Especially in slow-type, the incidence of hepatotoxicity and serum aminotransferase elevation was significantly higher than in the other two types.

CONCLUSION: Slow NAT2* genotype significantly affected the development of INH + RMP-induced hepatotoxicity. This suggests the possibility that NAT2* genotyping prior to medication may be useful in evaluating patients with high risk for INH + RMP-induced hepatotoxicity.

Keywords: N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2); genotype; isoniazid; rifampicin; hepatotoxicity

Document Type: Regular paper

Affiliations: 1: Department of Clinical Evaluation of Medicines and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 2: Department of Internal Medicine, Toneyama National Hospital, Osaka, Japan 3: Clinical Laboratory, Toneyama National Hospital, Osaka, Japan 4: Second Department of Internal Medicine, NIT West Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan

Publication date: 2000-03-01

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