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- Volume 19, Issue 1, 2006
International Journal of Iberian Studies - Volume 19, Issue 1, 2006
Volume 19, Issue 1, 2006
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Two doctors and one cause: Len Crome and Reginald Saxton in the International Brigades
By Paul PrestonOne of the most impressive, lasting and least known features of the International Brigades was the contribution of their medical services. Impressive, because not all health professionals take their Hippocratic oath seriously, and the doctors and nurses of the International Brigades not only made the same gestures of courage and solidarity as the other volunteers but also left behind them professional careers that were unforgiving of long absences. Lasting, because the contributions of the various Spanish and foreign doctors, from the Catalans Josep Trueta and Moiss Broggi, the famous Canadian Norman Bethune, the New Zealander Douglas Jolly and the Englishmen Len Crome and Reggie Saxton, were of a colossal importance in the later development of traumatalogical medicine in both war and peacetime. Unknown, for the obvious reason that the tireless abnegation, behind the lines, of ambulance drivers, nurses and doctors have attracted far less attention from journalists, writers and historians than the struggle of front-line combatants. In recent times, there has been a growth of interest in this aspect of the history of the International Brigades, and what follows a study of two doctors whose work in Spain had a later impact during the Second World War aims to make a small contribution to that history. Although of widely differing origins, Crome from Russia, Saxton from imperial Britain, they were both typical of volunteers within the Brigades medical services. Their similarities were even more typical their selfless dedication to the struggle against fascism and their later service in the Second World War. Like other doctors in the Spanish Civil War, Broggi, Trueta, Bethune, Jolly, both made medical advances that would be of considerable use thereafter. This could have been the story of other doctors who were equally courageous, idealistic and professional in their service with the International Brigades. Nonetheless, these two men were both exemplary and representative of so many others. Their stories go some way to giving some notion of the dedication and sacrifice that characterized the men and women of the International Brigades medical services.
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El proceso de la recuperacin de la memoria histrica en Espaa: Una aproximacin a los movimientos sociales por la memoria
More LessThis article analyses the socio-political phenomenon of the recovery of historical memory in Spain. The way that the transition to democracy developed included what is now called the Spanish model of impunity, the main consequence of which is that the victims of the Francoist repression received neither due recognition nor moral, juridical or economic reparations. The article studies the elements that have intervened in this process during the last five years: the normalization of the history of the Spanish Civil War and Francoist repression; the birth and consolidation of the associative movement for Memory; and the adoption of institutional measures to compensate the victims. Lastly, from a historiographical perspective, the text raises the issue of the increasing political and media manipulation of the Memory phenomenon.
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Las desapariciones infantiles durante el franquismo y sus consecuencias
More LessThis paper examines the magnitude and consequences of children's placements in institutions and disappearances during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. The article analyses the nature of these disappearances, arguing that their origins were to be found in the regeneration of the Spanish race as defined by Antonio Vallejo Ngera. The article explores the different strategies implemented by the Francoist state and the Falange in order to ensure the annihilation of dissidence in the immediate postwar period, and to consolidate the dominance of the State the victors by segregating, institutionalising and re-educating the children of the vanquished of the Spanish Civil War.
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Lester Ziffren and the road to war in Spain
More LessOn the night of 17 July 1936, Lester Ziffren, the United Press correspondent in Madrid, broke the news of Franco's uprising. Within 36 hours the Spanish civil war had begun. Ziffren had been the UP representative for three years. During that time his diaries, radio broadcasts and articles plotted the gathering political crisis. These documents and the author's conversations with him tell the story of a young journalist, imbued with his principles of getting to the objective truth, who level-headedly reported on a country in which there was increasingly no middle ground, and who moved from the Hemingway circle of artists and bull-fighters to the political elite and to a social life spent among the grandees. He vividly describes the road to war through industrial and political conflict, and as a correspondent he reported on the horror of modern warfare while not being allowed to lose sight of the human cost.
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Between memory and history: Social relationships and ways of remembering the Spanish civil war
More LessThis brief article focuses on putative connections between public and popular historical movements in Spain to do with the civil war, on the one hand, and problems to be considered in constructing a social history of the war and the post-war era, on the other. One appropriate and useful concept for explaining the relationship between these two forms of recuperating the past, it is argued, is social memory, meaning the ways in which the past has been understood, talked about and assimilated in the past as well as in the present.
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Book Reviews
Authors: Rob Rix and Lesley TwomeyLiterary Adaptations in Spanish Cinema, Sally Faulkner (2004) London: Tamesis, 198 pp., ISBN 1-85566-098-9 (hbk), 45
Negotiating Spain and Catalonia: Competing Narratives of National Identity, Fernando Len Sols (2003) Bristol: Intellect, 172 pp., ISBN 1-84150-077-1 (pbk), 19.95
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 37 (2024)
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Volume 36 (2023)
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Volume 35 (2022)
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Volume 34 (2021)
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Volume 33 (2020)
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Volume 32 (2019)
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Volume 31 (2018)
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Volume 30 (2017)
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Volume 29 (2016)
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Volume 28 (2015)
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Volume 27 (2014)
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Volume 26 (2013)
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Volume 25 (2012)
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Volume 24 (2011 - 2012)
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Volume 23 (2010)
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Volume 22 (2009)
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Volume 21 (2008)
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Volume 20 (2007)
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Volume 19 (2006 - 2007)
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Volume 18 (2005)
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Volume 17 (2004)
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Volume 16 (2003 - 2004)
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Volume 15 (2002 - 2003)
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Volume 14 (2001)