IngentaConnect Dietary Calcium and Dairy Modulation of Adiposity and Obesity Ris...

Authors: Zemel, Michael B.¹; Miller, Sharon L.²

Source: Nutrition Reviews, Volume 62, Number 4, 1 April 2004 , pp. 125-131(7)

Publisher: International Life Sciences Institute

Abstract:

Dietary calcium plays a key role in the regulation of energy metabolism and obesity risk. This appears to be mediated primarily by dietary calcium modulation of circulating calcitriol, which in turn regulates adipocyte intracellular calcium ([Ca²⁺]i). Increased [Ca2²⁺]i stimulates lipogenic gene expression and activity and inhibits lipolysis, resulting in increased adipocyte lipid accumulation. Since calcitriol stimulates adipocyte Ca²⁺ influx, low calcium diets promote adiposity, while dietary calcium-suppression of calcitriol reduces adiposity. These concepts are confirmed in controlled rodent studies as well as by epidemiological and clincial trial data, all of which confirm protection from obesity with high calcium intakes. Moreover, dairy sources of calcium exert markedly greater effects which are most likely attributable to additional bioactive compounds in dairy which act synergistically with calcium to attenuate adiposity.

Keywords: DAIRY; CALCIUM; ADIPOSITY; OBESITY

Document Type: Review article

DOI: 10.1301/nr.2004.apr.125-131

Affiliations: 1: Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1920. Dr. Miller is with the National Cattleman's Beef Association, 9110 East Nichols Avenue, Centennial CO, 80112, USA. Dr. Zemel has received grants from the National Dairy C 2: National Cattleman's Beef Association, 9110 East Nichols Avenue, Centennial CO, 80112, USA

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Dietary Calcium and Dairy Modulation of Adiposity and Obesity Risk