Rapid Virus Detection Procedure for Molecular Tracing of Shellfish Associated with Disease Outbreaks

Authors: de Roda Husman, Ana Maria1; Lodder-Verschoor, Froukje1; van den Berg, Harold H.J.L.1; Le Guyader, Françoise S.2; van Pelt, Hilde3; van der Poel, Wim H.M.1; Rutjes, Saskia A.1

Source: Journal of Food Protection®, Volume 70, Number 4, April 2007 , pp. 967-974(8)

Publisher: International Association for Food Protection

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Abstract:

Detection of pathogenic viruses in oysters implicated in gastroenteritis outbreaks is often hampered by time-consuming, specialist virus extraction methods. Five virus RNA extraction methods were evaluated with respect to performance characteristics and sensitivity on artificially contaminated oyster digestive glands. The two most promising procedures were further evaluated on bioaccumulated and naturally contaminated oysters. The most efficient method was used to trace the source in an outbreak situation. Out of five RNA extraction protocols, PEG precipitation and the RNeasy Kit performed best with norovirus genogroup III-spiked digestive glands. Analyzing 24-h bioaccumulated oysters revealed a slightly better sensitivity with PEG precipitation, but the RNeasy Kit was less prone to concentrate inhibitors. The latter procedure demonstrated the presence of human noroviruses in naturally contaminated oysters and oysters implicated in an outbreak. In this outbreak, in four out of nine individually analyzed digestive glands, norovirus was detected. In one of the oysters and in one of the fecal samples of the clinical cases, identical norovirus strains were detected. A standard and rapid virus extraction method using the RNeasy Kit appeared to be most useful in tracing shellfish as the source in gastroenteritis outbreaks, and to be able to make effective and timely risk management decisions.

Document Type: Research article

Affiliations: 1: Microbiological Laboratory for Health Protection, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands 2: Microbiology Laboratory, IFREMER, Nantes, France 3: National Institute for Fishery Research, IJmuiden, The Netherlands

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