Authors: Mori, Yutaka¹; Itoh, Yohta²; Obata, Tohru³; Tajima, Naoko⁴

Source: Endocrine, Volume 29, Number 1, February 2006 , pp. 143-148(6)

Publisher: Humana Press

Abstract:

To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance, postprandial hyperglycemia, postprandial hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes, changes in postprandial glucose, triglyceride, and nitrotyrosine levels vs baseline after diet loading were examined in type 2 diabetic patients given pioglitazone (PG) or glibenclamide (GB). Twenty-four outpatients with type 2 diabetes treated with oral PG for 6 mo (BMI, 26.3±0.9; HbA1c, 8.2±0.2%) and 10 type 2 diabetic patients treated with GB (BMI, 27.4±1.6; HbA1c, 8.1±0.2%) at our institutions were compared. These patients were given meal tolerance tests (MTT; each consisting of energy 400 kcal, protein 8.7 g, fat 22.4 g, carbohydrate 41 g) before and 6 mo after administration of either agent. PG produced a significant decrease in FPG, HbA1c, HOMA-R, and TG levels in the subjects compared to baseline. In contrast, GB significantly decreased FPG and HbA1c levels, while not affecting HOMA-R and TG values. While PG produced a significant increase in LPL, HDL-cholesterol, and adiponectin levels, GB did not affect these values. At MTT 6 mo after PG administration, insulin levels before and 4 h after MTT, free fatty acid (FFA) levels 1, 2, and 4 h after MTT, glucose, TG, and RLP-TG levels before and 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after MTT were significantly decreased compared to baseline. At MTT6 mo after GB administration, while a significant decrease in fasting and 2 h, postprandial glucose values compared to baseline MTT levels was observed, fasting and postprandial TG and RLP-TG levels remained unchanged compared to baseline. After 6 mo of PG and GB administration, serum nitrotyrosine levels before and after MTT were significantly decreased compared to baseline in both groups, while the decrease in nitrotyrosine levels before and after MTT was more marked in the subjects given PG. Our study results suggest that PG suppresses increases in postprandial glucose and TG levels, and improves insulin resistance; and, in addition, that PG may have a favorable impact on oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients.

Keywords: Pioglitazone; glibenclamide; postprandial hyperglycemia; postprandial hyperlipidemia; oxidative stress; nitrotyrosine

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:29:1:143

Affiliations: 1: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Utsunomiya National Hospital, 2160 Shimookamoto, Kawachimachi, Kawachi-gun, 329-1193, Tochigi, Japan, Email: moriyutakajp@yahoo.co.jp 2: Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Utsunomiya National Hospital, 2160 Shimookamoto, Kawachimachi, Kawachi-gun, 329-1193, Tochigi, Japan, 3: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of DNA Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishi-Shimbashi Tokyo, Japan, 4: Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishi-Shimbashi, Tokyo, Japan,

Publication date: 2006-02-01

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