Mechanisms of T-cell inhibition: implications for cancer immunotherapy

Authors: Mittendorf, Elizabeth A; Sharma, Padmanee

Source: Expert Review of Vaccines, Volume 9, Number 1, January 2010 , pp. 89-105(17)

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Abstract:

Cancer vaccines designed to augment effector T-cell responses have been disappointing with respect to clinical efficacy. This lack of effectiveness may be due to the fact that regulatory mechanisms, both intrinsic and extrinsic to activated T cells, play important roles in inhibiting vaccine-induced effector T-cell responses. This concept raises the possibility that blockade of these regulatory checkpoints might enhance anti-tumor immune responses. In this review, we discuss several regulatory mechanisms that act to control effector T-cell responses and identify strategies to circumvent these mechanisms in order to improve clinical responses.

Keywords: CTLA-4; immune regulation; immunotherapy myeloid-derived suppressor cells; PD-1; regulatory T cells; T cells

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erv.09.144

Affiliations: 1: Department of Surgical Oncology, Unit 444, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA., Email: eamitten@mdanderson.org

Publication date: 2010-01-01

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Expert Review of Vaccines provides expert reviews on the clinical effectiveness of new vaccines. Coverage includes vaccine technology, vaccine adjuvants, prophylactic vaccines, therapeutic vaccines, AIDS vaccines and vaccines in bioterrorism.
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