Authors: Henke, Andreas; Jarasch, Nadine; Wutzler, Peter

Source: Expert Review of Vaccines, Volume 7, Number 10, December 2008 , pp. 1557-1567(11)

Publisher: Expert Reviews

Abstract:

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is considered to be one of the most important infectious agents to cause virus-induced myocarditis. Despite improvements in studying virus pathology, structure and molecular biology, as well as the diagnosis of this disease, there is still no virus-specific drug or vaccine in clinical use. During the last 20 years many investigations have been performed to develop classic and modern immunization techniques against CVB3-induced heart disease. One promising approach among others includes the insertion of coding sequences of cytokines into the viral genome. The application of an IFN-γ-expressing recombinant coxsackievirus vector is especially efficient against CVB3-induced myocarditis. Beside direct IFN-γ-mediated antiviral effects, the local and simultaneous expression of IFN-γ by the virus itself activates the immune system in a strong and long-lasting manner, which protects animals completely against subsequent lethal infections independently of the age of the immunized individual and the route of vaccine administration.

Keywords: coxsackievirus; cytokines; myocarditis; vaccination; vector development

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14760584.7.10.1557

Affiliations: 1: Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Medical Center, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knöll-Street 2, Jena D-07745, Germany., Email: i6hean@rz.uni-jena.de

Publication date: 2008-12-01

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• Expert Review of Vaccines provides expert reviews on the clinical effectiveness of new vaccines. Coverage includes vaccine technology, vaccine adjuvants, prophylactic vaccines, therapeutic vaccines, AIDS vaccines and vaccines in bioterrorism.
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