Authors: Mueller, E. E.; Frost, K. E.; Esker, P. D.; Gratton, C.

Source: Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 5, October 2010 , pp. 1670-1681(12)

Publisher: Entomological Society of America

Abstract:

The occurrence of aphid-transmitted viruses in agricultural crops of the Midwest and northeastern United States has become more frequent since the arrival and establishment of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae). A. glycines is a competent vector of plant viruses and may be responsible for recent virus epidemics in Wisconsin snap bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., fields. To determine whether vegetation surrounding crop fields could serve as sources of virus inocula, we examined the settling activity of A. glycines and other aphid species in agricultural crops and noncrop field margins adjacent to snap bean fields. Noncrop field margins were made up of numerous virus-susceptible plant species within 10 m from snap bean field edges. During summers 2006 and 2007, horizontal pan traps were placed in commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], snap bean, and surrounding field margins to characterize aphid flight activity patterns in the different habitat types. Alate abundance and peak occurrence across years varied between crop and noncrop field margins and differed among patches of plants in field margins. Overall aphid activity peaked late in the season (21 August in 2006 and 28 July in 2007); with the majority (52%) of total aphids trapped in all habitats being A. glycines. Susceptibility to viral infection and confirmed visitation of A. glycines to these forage plants suggests the importance of noncrop habitats as potential sources of primary virus inoculum. Viral disease onset followed peak aphid flights and further implicates A. glycines as a likely vector of viruses in commercial bean and other crops in Wisconsin.

Keywords: Aphis glycines; Phaseolus vulgaris; seasonal phenology; nonpersistent virus

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/EC09411

Publication date: 2010-10-01

More about this publication?

• Journal of Economic Entomology is published bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December. The journal publishes articles on the economic significance of insects and is divided into the following sections: apiculture & social insects; arthropods in relation to plant disease; forum; insecticide resistance and resistance management; ecotoxicology; biological and microbial control; ecology and behavior; sampling and biostatistics; household and structural insects; medical entomology; molecular entomology; veterinary entomology; forest entomology; horticultural entomology; field and forage crops, and small grains; stored-product; commodity treatment and quarantine entomology; and plant resistance. In addition to research papers, Journal of Economic Entomology publishes Letters to the Editor, interpretive articles in a Forum section, Short Communications, Rapid Communications, and Book Reviews.
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