Authors: Cheah, Carole A.S-J.; McClure, Mark S.

Source: Environmental Entomology, Volume 27, Number 6, December 1998 , pp. 1531-1536(6)

Publisher: Entomological Society of America

Abstract:

The life history and development of the coccinellid Pseudoscymnus tsugae sp. nov. Sasaji & McClure from Japan is described. Both larva and adult feed on all stages of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, a serious pest of eastern and Carolina hemlock in eastern United States. There are 4 larval instars, a prepupa, and pupa. Total development time from hatch to adult emergence required 29.8 d at 20°C and 17.9 d at 25°C. Incubation time was 10.3 d at 20°C and 6.7 d at 25°C. At 14-21.5°C, males matured at 30 d and females at 31.8 d with a preoviposition period of ≈35 d. At 25°C, males matured at 18.8 d, whereas the female preoviposition period was shortened to 22.4 d. In the laboratory, mean longevity was 162.9 d and 125.6 d for females and males, respectively, with individuals of both sexes that lived >300 d. The mean lifetime fecundity was 279.9 eggs with a maximum of 513 eggs over a mean oviposition period of 14 wk. The mean sex ratio in the laboratory is ≈1:1. P. tsugae displays facultative diapause and is capable of producing successive generations in the laboratory when its prey is available, indicating its excellent potential for mass rearing as a biological control agent of A. tsugae.

Keywords: ADELGES TSUGAE; PSEUDOSCYMNUS TSUGAE; COCCINELLIDAE; TSUGA SPECIES; BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; PREDATOR

Document Type: Research article

Affiliations: 1: Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Valley Laboratory, P.O. Box 248, Windsor, CT 06095

Publication date: 1998-12-01

More about this publication?

• Environmental Entomology is published bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December. The journal publishes reports on the interaction of insects with the biological, chemical, and physical aspects of their environment and is divided into the following sections: physiological ecology; chemical ecology; population ecology; quantitative ecology; community and ecosystem ecology; biological control­-parasitoids and predators; biological control--microbials; biological control--weeds; behavior; pest management; sampling; plant-insect interactions; molecular ecology and evolution; transgenic plants and insects. In addition to research papers, Environmental Entomology publishes Letters to the Editor, interpretive articles in a Forum section, and Book Reviews.
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