A Pine Looper, Phaeoura mexicanaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), in Southeastern Montana with Notes on Its Biology

Author: DEWEY, JERALD E.

Source: Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 65, Number 2, 15 March 1972 , pp. 306-309(4)

Publisher: Entomological Society of America

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Abstract:

Phaeoura mexicanaria (Grote) reached outbreak proportions on ponderosa pine in southeastern Montana in 1969 and 1970. The looper is univoltine and overwinters in the duff as pupae. Adults emerge in late June, mate, and lay eggs. Eggs hatch in about 12 days and larvae begin feeding on the foliage. Larval feeding continues through August, then they leave the tree to pupate in the duff. Natural enemies include parasites, predators, and fungal and bacterial pathogens. The looper population collapsed in 1970, primarily because of a widespread bacterium.

Document Type: Research article

Publication date: 1972-03-15

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Annals of the Entomological Society of America is published in January, March, May, July, September, and November. Annals especially invites submission of manuscripts that integrate different areas of insect biology, and address issues that are likely to be of broad relevance to entomologists. Articles also report on basic aspects of the biology of arthropods, divided into categories by subject matter: systematics; ecology and population biology; arthropod biology; arthropods in relation to plant diseases; conservation biology and biodiversity; physiology, biochemistry, and toxicology; morphology, histology, and fine structure; genetics; and behavior.
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