Authors: Davalli, Alberto M.; Perego, Lucia; Bertuzzi, Federico; Finzi, Giovanna; La Rosa, Stefano; Blau, Adam; Placidi, Claudia; Nano, Rita; Gregorini, Luisa; Perego, Carla; Capella, Carlo; Folli, Franco

Source: Cell Transplantation, Volume 17, Number 12, 2008 , pp. 1323-1336(14)

Publisher: Cognizant Communication Corporation

Abstract:

To learn more about nonimmune-mediated islet graft failure, we transplanted different preparations (preps) of isolated human islets under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic nude mice. One month after the implantation of 1,000 or 2,000 islets, grafts were harvested for morphological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis. Only a single islet prep cured the diabetes out of all the recipients, while the remaining preps showed only partial function after the implantation of 2,000 islets. Transplanted mice showed high circulating proinsulin levels but, with the exclusion of those bearing curative grafts, relatively low mature insulin levels. Engrafted β-cells showed positive carboxypeptidase E (CPE) and prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) staining, while prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) was undetectable. In contrast, PC2 was abundantly expressed by engrafted α-cells. Moreover, engrafted β-cells did not show evidence of replication, and preapoptotic β-cells, with intra- and extracellular amyloid deposition, were detected with electron microscopy. Cell cycle inhibitors p16^INK4, p21^WAF1, and p27^Kip1 were abundantly expressed in the islet grafts and showed a predominant nuclear localization. In conclusion, diabetic nude mice transplanted with human islets showed disproportionate hyperproinsulinemia and graft evidence of β-cell restricted PC2 depletion, amyloid deposition and β-cell death, and lack of β-cell replication with nuclear translocation of p27^Kip1 and p21^WAF1 that together may contribute to delayed graft failure.

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Keywords: Islet transplantation; Proinsulin processing; Prohormone convertase 2 (PC2); p16INK4; p21WAF1; p27Kip1; Athymic nude mice

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368908787648137

Publication date: 2008-12-01

More about this publication?

• Cell Transplantation publishes original, peer-reviewed research and review articles on the subject of cell transplantation and its application to human diseases. To ensure high-quality contributions from all areas of transplantation, separate section editors and editorial boards have been established. Articles deal with a wide range of topics including physiological, medical, preclinical, tissue engineering, and device-oriented aspects of transplantation of nervous system, endocrine, growth factor-secreting, bone marrow, epithelial, endothelial, and genetically engineered cells, among others. Basic clinical studies and immunological research papers are also featured. To provide complete coverage of this revolutionary field, Cell Transplantation will report on relevant technological advances, and ethical and regulatory considerations of cell transplants. Cell Transplantation is now an Open Access journal starting with volume 18 in 2009, and therefore there will be an inexpensive publication charge, which is dependent on the number of pages, in addition to the charge for color figures. This will allow work to be disseminated to a wider audience and also entitle the corresponding author to a free PDF, as well as prepublication of an unedited version of the manuscript.
  
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• In this Subject: Anatomy & Physiology ,  Biology ,  Biotechnology ,  Pharmacology ,  Surgery
• By this author: Davalli, Alberto M. ;  Perego, Lucia ;  Bertuzzi, Federico ;  Finzi, Giovanna ;  La Rosa, Stefano ;  Blau, Adam ;  Placidi, Claudia ;  Nano, Rita ;  Gregorini, Luisa ;  Perego, Carla ;  Capella, Carlo ;  Folli, Franco

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