Influence of fogging lenses and cycloplegia on open-field automatic refraction

Authors: Queirós, A.; González-Méijome, J.; Jorge, J.

Source: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Volume 28, Number 4, July 2008 , pp. 387-392(6)

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Abstract:

Purpose: 

To compare refractive values measured with and without cycloplegia, or with fogging lenses, using an open-field auto-refractor. Methods: 

One hundred and forty-two young adults were enrolled from a university population; 96 were female (67.6%) and 46 were male (32.4%), the age range was 18-26 years (mean 22.3 ± 3.7 years). The refraction measurement was obtained for the right eye of each subject with the Grand Seiko Auto Ref/Keratometer WAM-5500 (GS) under three conditions, always in this sequence: (1) without cycloplegia (GS), (2) without cycloplegia but using a + 2.00 D fogging lens (GS_2D) and (3) with cycloplegia (GS_cycl). Results: 

When the average values of spherical equivalent were compared, both accommodation control strategies were almost equally successful: GS, M = −0.85 ± 2.21 D; GC_2D, M = −0.53 ± 2.10 D and GS_cycl, M = −0.57 ± 2.24 D (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001). When the results were analysed separately for different refractive groups, emmetropes and hyperopes show statistically significant differences while myopes did not. When both accommodation strategies were compared there was a trend for more myopic subjects to display more negative values under cycloplegia, while low myopes, emmetropes and hyperopes tend to display more negative values with the +2.00 D fogging lenses, suggesting this was less effective for accommodation control. Conclusions: 

Over-refraction through +2.00 D fogging lenses is useful to achieve additional relaxation of the accommodative response in a similar way to cycloplegia when open-field autorefraction is performed in young adults.

Keywords: cycloplegia; fogging lenses; Grand Seiko; open-field autorefraction

Document Type: Technical note

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.2008.00579.x

Publication date: 2008-07-01

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