Pharmacokinetics of an ampicillin/sulbactam (2:1) combination in rabbits

Authors: Escudero, E.; Vicente, M. S.; Serrano, J. M.; Cárceles, C. M.

Source: Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Volume 25, Number 4, August 2002 , pp. 259-264(6)

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Abstract:

. Pharmacokinetics of an ampicillin/sulbactam (2:1) combination in rabbits. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.25, 259-264.

The pharmacokinetics of a 2:1 ampicillin-sulbactam combination in six rabbits, after intravenous and intramuscular injection at a single dosage of 20 mg/kg bodyweight (13.33 mg/kg of sodium ampicillin and 6.67 mg/kg of sodium sulbactam) were investigated by using a high performance liquid chromatographic method for determining plasma concentrations. The plasma concentration-time curves were analysed by compartmental pharmacokinetic and noncompartmental methods. The disposition curves for both drugs were best described by an open two-compartment model after intravenous administration and a one-compartment model with first order absorption after intramuscular administration. The apparent volumes of distribution calculated by the area method for ampicillin and sulbactam were 0.62 ± 0.09 and 0.45 ± 0.05 L/kg, respectively, and the total body clearances were 0.65 ± 0.04 and 0.42 ± 0.05 L/kg h, respectively. The elimination half-lives of ampicillin after intravenous and intramuscular administration were 0.64 ± 0.11 and 0.63 ± 0.16 h, respectively, whereas for sulbactam the half-lives were 0.74 ± 0.12 and 0.77 ± 0.17 h, respectively. The bioavailability after intramuscular injection was high and similar in both drugs (73.34 ± 10.08% for ampicillin and 83.20 ± 7.41% for sulbactam). The mean peak plasma concentrations of ampicillin and sulbactam were reached at similar times (0.20 ± 0.09 and 0.34 ± 0.15 h, respectively) and peak concentrations were also similar but nonproportional to the dose of both products administered (13.07 ± 3.64 mg/L of ampicillin and 8.42 ± 1.74 mg/L of sulbactam). Both drugs had similar pharmacokinetic behaviour after intramuscular administration in rabbits.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2885.2002.00412.x

Affiliations: 1: Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30.071-Murcia, Spain,

Publication date: 2002-08-01

Pharmacokinetics of an ampicillin/sulbactam (2:1) combination in rabbits

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