GENETIC VARIABILITY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF DINOPHYSIS SPECIES (DINOPHYCEAE) FROM NORWEGIAN WATERS INFERRED FROM SINGLE CELL ANALYSES OF rDNA

Authors: Edvardsen B.; Shalchian-Tabrizi K.¹; Jakobsen K.S.¹; Medlin L.K.²; Dahl E.³; Brubak S.⁴; Paasche E.⁴

Source: Journal of Phycology, Volume 39, Number 2, April 2003 , pp. 395-408(14)

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Abstract:

The objectives of this study were to determine rDNA sequences of the most common Dinophysis species in Scandinavian waters and to resolve their phylogenetic relationships within the genus and to other dinoflagellates. A third aim was to examine the intraspecific variation in D. acuminata and D. norvegica, because these two species are highly variable in both morphology and toxicity. We obtained nucleotide sequences of coding (small subunit [SSU], partial large subunit [LSU], 5.8S) and noncoding (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]1, ITS2) parts of the rRNA operon by PCR amplification of one or two Dinophysis cells isolated from natural water samples. The three photosynthetic species D. acuminata, D. acuta, and D. norvegica differed in only 5 to 8 of 1802 base pairs (bp) within the SSU rRNA gene. The nonphotosynthetic D. rotundata (synonym Phalacroma rotundatum[Claparède et Lachmann] Kofoid et Michener), however, differed in approximately 55 bp compared with the three photosynthetic species. In the D1 and D2 domains of LSU rDNA, the phototrophic species differed among themselves by 3 to 12 of 733 bp, whereas they differed from D. rotundata by more than 100 bp. This supports the distinction between Dinophysis and Phalacroma. In the phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA, all Dinophysis species were grouped into a common clade in which D. rotundata diverged first. The results indicate an early divergence of Dinophysis within the Dinophyta. The LSU phylogenetic analyses, including 4 new and 11 Dinophysis sequences from EMBL, identified two major clades within the phototrophic species. Little or no intraspecific genetic variation was found in the ITS1–ITS2 region of single cells of D. norvegica and D. acuminata from Norway, but the delineation between these two species was not always clear.

Keywords: Dinophysis; Dinophyta; genetic variability; phylogeny; ribosomal DNA; toxic algae

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.01252.x

Affiliations: 1: Section for Molecular Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1031 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway 2: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany 3: Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Marine Research Station, N-4817 His, Norway 4: Section for Marine Biology and Limnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1069 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway

Publication date: 2003-04-01

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF DINOPHYSIS SPECIES (DINOPHYCEAE) FROM NORWEGIAN WATERS INFERRED FROM SINGLE CELL ANALYSES OF rDNA

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