Mucosal T-cell responses to HIV: responding at the front lines

Authors: Shacklett, B. L.; Critchfield, J. W.; Ferre, A. L.; Hayes, T. L.

Source: Journal of Internal Medicine, Volume 265, Number 1, January 2009 , pp. 58-66(9)

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Abstract:

. Shacklett BL, Critchfield JW, Ferre AL, Hayes TL (University of California, Davis, CA, USA). Mucosal T-cell responses to HIV: responding at the front lines (Review). J Intern Med 2008; 265: 58-66.

Mucosal surfaces of the body serve as the major portal of entry for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These tissues also house a majority of the body's lymphocytes, including the CD4⁺ T cells that are the major cellular target for HIV infection. Mucosal surfaces are defended by innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, including secreted antibodies and CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cells (CTL). CTL in mucosal lymphoid tissues may serve to limit viral replication, decreasing the host's viral burden as well as reducing the likelihood of sexual transmission to a naïve host. This review summarizes recent literature on HIV-specific T-cell responses in mucosal tissues, with an emphasis on the gastrointestinal tract.

Keywords: cytokine; cytotoxic T cells; gut; Treg

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.02042.x

Affiliations: 1: From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Publication date: 2009-01-01