Dietary fat intake and early mortality patterns – data from The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Authors: LEOSDOTTIR, M.; NILSSON, P. M.; NILSSON, J-Å.; MÅNSSON, H.; BERGLUND, G.

Source: Journal of Internal Medicine, Volume 258, Number 2, August 2005 , pp. 153-165(13)

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Abstract:

. Leosdottir M, Nilsson PM, Nilsson J-Å, Månsson H, Berglund G (Lund University, Malmö, Sweden). Dietary fat intake and early mortality patterns – data from The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. J Intern Med 2005; 258: 153–165. Objectives.

Most current dietary guidelines encourage limiting relative fat intake to <30% of total daily energy, with saturated and trans fatty acids contributing no more than 10%. We examined whether total fat intake, saturated fat, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fat intake are independent risk factors for prospective all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Design.

Population-based, prospective cohort study. Setting and subjects.

The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study was set in the city of Malmö, southern Sweden. A total of 28 098 middle-aged individuals participated in the study 1991–1996. Main outcome measures.

Subjects were categorized by quartiles of relative fat intake, with the first quartile used as a reference point in estimating multivariate relative risks (RR; 95% CI, Cox's regression model). Adjustments were made for confounding by age and various lifestyle factors. Results.

Women in the fourth quartile of total fat intake had a significantly higher RR of cancer mortality (RR 1.46; CI 1.04–2.04). A significant downwards trend was observed for cardiovascular mortality amongst men from the first to the fourth quartile (P = 0.028). No deteriorating effects of high saturated fat intake were observed for either sex for any cause of death. Beneficial effects of a relatively high intake of unsaturated fats were not uniform. Conclusions.

With the exception of cancer mortality for women, individuals receiving more than 30% of their total daily energy from fat and more than 10% from saturated fat, did not have increased mortality. Current dietary guidelines concerning fat intake are thus generally not supported by our observational results.

Keywords: cancer; cardiovascular; dietary fats; mortality; population

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01520.x

Publication date: 2005-08-01

Dietary fat intake and early mortality patterns – data from The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

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