Disorders of glucose metabolism in the context of human immunodeficiency virus infection

Authors: Larson, Ruth¹; Capili, Bernadette; Eckert-Norton, Margaret²; Colagreco, Joseph P.³; Anastasi, Joyce K.⁴

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, Volume 18, Number 3, March 2006 , pp. 92-103(12)

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Abstract:

Purpose:

To discuss the pathophysiology and the current treatment approaches for the dysregulation of glucose metabolism in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Data sources:

Selected research, clinical studies, clinical guidelines, and review articles. Conclusions:

In HIV infection, multiple factors are associated with the pathogenesis of glucose dysregulation. Studies suggest that protease inhibitors, a class of antiretroviral agent, as well as viral factors, lipodystrophy, hepatitis C infection, injection drug use, and second-generation antipsychotics have been implicated in the development of glucose disorders and diabetes. Current treatment recommendations are based on extrapolated data from non-HIV diabetic patients. More research is needed to establish the most appropriate management for the disorders of glucose metabolism in the context of HIV infection. Implications for practice:

If left untreated, patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and complications associated with untreated diabetes.

Keywords: HIV; metabolic syndrome; glucose metabolism; insulin resistance

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00109.x

Affiliations: 1: Internal Medicine, Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center, Lewiston, NY 14092 2: SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY 11203 3: HIV Primary Care, Harlem United Community AIDS Center Inc., New York, NY 10032 4: Center for AIDS Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY 10032

Publication date: 2006-03-01