Autonomic Status Epilepticus in Panayiotopoulos Syndrome and Other Childhood and Adult Epilepsies: A Consensus View
Authors: Ferrie, Colin D1; Caraballo, Roberto2; Covanis, Athanasios3; Demirbilek, Veysi4; Dervent, Aysin5; Fejerman, Natalio2; Fusco, Lucia6; Grünewald, Richard A.7; Kanazawa, Osamu8; Koutroumanidis, Michael9; Lada, Christina10; Livingston, John H1; Nicotra, Alessia11; Oguni, Hirokazu12; Martinovic, Zarko13; Nordli, Douglas R14; Parisi, Pasquale15; Scott, Rod C.16; Specchio, Nicola6; Verrotti, Alberto17; Vigevano, Federico6; Walker, Matthew C.18; Watanabe, Kazuyoshi19; Yoshinaga, Harumi20; Panayiotopoulos, Chrysostomos P9
Source: Epilepsia, Volume 48, Number 6, June 2007 , pp. 1165-1172(8)
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
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Abstract:
Summary: Purpose: To discuss and propose a definition of autonomic status epilepticus (SE), describe its clinical and EEG features, and review what is known about its epidemiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and management. Methods: An international consortium of established researchers in the field was identified from their published work, agreed the purpose of the project, searched the literature, and, by use of e-mail communication, agreed the consensus document. Results: Autonomic SE is a condition lasting at least 30 min and characterized by epileptic activity causing altered autonomic function of any type at seizure onset or in which manifestations consistent with altered autonomic function are prominent (quantitatively dominant or clinically important) even if not present at seizure onset. It is best described, and probably most commonly encountered in children, with Panayiotopoulos syndrome. However, it also occurs in children with symptomatic epilepsies and, exceptionally, in adults. Its pathogenesis and most appropriate management are poorly understood Conclusions: It is hoped that this document will help clinical recognition of Autonomic SE, reduce misdiagnosis, and promote further interest and studies into what has been a relatively neglected area.Keywords: Epileptic seizures; Epilepsy; Status epilepticus; Autonomic nervous system; Consensus statement
Document Type: Research article
DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01087.x
Affiliations: 1: Leeds General Infirmary, United Kingdom 2: Hospital de Ninos Prof. Dr. JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina 3: Agia Sophia Childrens' Hospital, Athens, Greece 4: Cerrahpassa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey; 5: Cerrahpassa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey 6: Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy 7: Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield, United Kingdom 8: Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan 9: St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom 10: Gerneral Hospital, Argos, Greece 11: Imperial College, London, United Kingdom 12: Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan 13: Belgrade University Medical School, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro 14: Children's Memorial Hospital, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. 15: Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza 2, University c/o Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy 16: Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom 17: Ospedale Policlinico, Chieti, Italy 18: Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom 19: Aichi Shukutoku Universisty, Nagoya, Japan 20: Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan
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