Oxidative stress and potential interventions to reduce oxidative stress in overweight and obesity

Authors: Vincent, Heather K.; Innes, Kim E.¹; Vincent, Kevin R.²

Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Volume 9, Number 6, November 2007 , pp. 813-839(27)

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Abstract:

Purpose:

Obesity may be a state of chronic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be the mechanism underlying the development of co-morbidities in obesity. This review provides a summary of the available evidence regarding systemic oxidative stress in young, older and clinical obese populations. Methods:

Medline was searched for all available articles published between 1975 and 2006 that evaluated oxidative stress biomarkers in resting conditions or following various interventions in overweight and obese humans. Results:

Obesity elevates oxidative stress in young, old and clinical populations as shown by elevations in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, hydroperoxides, 4-hydroxynonenal, isoprostanes, conjugated dienes) or protein oxidation (8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine). Lipid peroxidation is associated with several indices of adiposity and a low systemic antioxidant defence (i.e. antioxidant enzymes, tissue dietary antioxidants, glutathione). Oxidative stress may be exacerbated with acute exercise, advancing age or co-existing clinical conditions and may be corrected by improving antioxidant defences through fat volume reduction via surgery, pharmacological agents, exercise and/or dietary modification. Conclusion:

Oxidative stress is related to chronic disease in obesity, but is reversible with one or more interventions described above.

Keywords: obesity; overweight; antioxidant; oxidative stress; exercise; dietary

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00692.x

Affiliations: 1: The Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies (CSCAT), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA 2: The Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Publication date: 2007-11-01

Oxidative stress and potential interventions to reduce oxidative stress in overweight and obesity

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