Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and leptin concentrations in obese patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors: Mannucci E.; Ognibene A.; Cremasco F.; Bardini G.; Mencucci A.; Pierazzuoli E.; Ciani S.; Fanelli A.; Messeri G.; Rotella C.M.

Source: Diabetic Medicine, Volume 17, Number 10, October 2000 , pp. 713-719(7)

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Abstract:

SUMMARY

To assess differences in circulating leptin and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 concentrations before and after an oral glucose load, in euglycaemic and isoinsulinaemic conditions, between obese patients with and without Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Ten male obese (body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m²) patients with Type 2 diabetes and 20 matched non-diabetic subjects were studied. Leptin, GLP-1(7–36)amide and GLP-1(7–37) concentrations were measured 0, 30, 60, and 90 min after a 50-g oral glucose load administered 90 min after the beginning of a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp.

GLP-1(7–36)amide concentrations before the glucose load were significantly lower in diabetic patients than in controls (median (quartiles): 50.5 (44.7–53.2) vs. 128.7(100–172.5) pg/ml; P < 0.01), while no difference was observed in baseline GLP-1(7–37). In non-diabetic subjects, GLP-1(7–36)amide and GLP-1(7–37) concentrations increased significantly after the oral glucose load, while no glucose-induced increase in GLP-1 concentration was observed in diabetic patients. GLP-1(7–36)amide at 30, 60, and 90 min, and GLP-1(7–37) at 30 min, of the glucose challenge, were significantly lower in diabetic patients. Leptin concentrations were not significantly different in diabetic patients when compared to non-diabetic subjects, and they did not change after the oral glucose load.

Leptin concentrations are not significantly modified in obese Type 2 diabetic patients. GLP-1(7–36)amide baseline concentrations are reduced in Type 2 diabetes; moreover, diabetic subjects show an impaired response of GLP-1 to oral glucose in euglycaemic, isoinsulinaemic conditions. This impairment, which is not the result of differences in glycaemia or insulinaemia during assessment, could contribute to the pathogenesis of hyperglycaemia in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp; glucagon-like peptide-1; leptin; obesity; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Language: English

Document Type: Research article

Publication date: 2000-10-01

• In this: publication
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• In this Subject: Internal Medicine
• By this author: Mannucci E. ;  Ognibene A. ;  Cremasco F. ;  Bardini G. ;  Mencucci A. ;  Pierazzuoli E. ;  Ciani S. ;  Fanelli A. ;  Messeri G. ;  Rotella C.M.

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