Toxicity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome-derived extract and steam distillate to Meloidogyne incognita juveniles and eggs, and their effects on Lycopersicon esculentum germination and growth

Authors: Hong, Tae-Kyun¹; Lee, Jae-Kook²; Heo, Jae-Won³; Kim, Soon-Il¹; Choi, Dong-Ro²; Ahn, Young-Joon⁴

Source: Nematology, Volume 12, Number 5, 2010 , pp. 775-782(8)

Publisher: BRILL

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Abstract:

The toxicity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome-derived methanol extract (RME), powder (RP) and steam distillate (RSD) to Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (J2) and eggs, and their effects on Lycopersicon esculentum germination and growth were examined in vitro and in pot experiments. Results were compared with those of three nematicides: carbofuran, fosthiazate and metam sodium. In contact + fumigant bioassays with J2, RME applied at 1, 0.5 and 0.25 mg (g soil)^-1 resulted in 92, 88 and 73% mortality, respectively. The lethality of RME was almost the same as carbofuran but lower than that of either fosthiazate or metam sodium. RSD and RP were less active than RME. In vapour-phase mortality bioassays with J2, the test materials were more effective in a closed container than in an open one, indicating that mode of delivery was, in part, a result of vapour action. In direct-contact mortality bioassays with M. incognita eggs, RME, RSD and fosthiazate treatments resulted in 91, 100 and 95% inhibition of hatch at 250 μg ml^-1 and 82, 88 and 81% inhibition of hatch at 100 μg ml^-1, respectively. In filter paper bioassays with L. esculentum seed, 8.8 μg cm^-2 RME and RP did not cause germination inhibition, while RSD and fosthiazate treatments resulted in 84 and 13% germination inhibition. In pot tests, RME and RSD applied at 8 mg (g soil)^-1 reduced galling caused by M. incognita significantly, and fosthiazate at 0.02 mg (g soil)^-1 stopped galling completely. Kaempferia galanga rhizome-derived materials, particularly a methanol extract, merit further study as potential nematicides and hatching inhibitors for the control of M. incognita as fumigants with contact action.

Keywords: BIOCONTROL; BOTANICAL NEMATICIDE; GERMINATION; NATURAL FUMIGANT; NATURAL HATCHING INHIBITOR

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138855410X12628646276203

Affiliations: 1: WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea 2: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 440-707, South Korea 3: NaturoBioTech Research Institute, NaturoBioTech Co. Ltd., Suwon 441-854, South Korea 4: WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea;, Email: yjahn@snu.ac.kr

Publication date: 2010-09-01

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Toxicity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome-derived extract and steam distillate to Meloidogyne incognita juveniles and eggs, and their effects on Lycopersicon esculentum germination and growth

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