Lipid Modulation of Intravascular and Cellular Sodium Handling:Mechanistic Insights and Potential Clinical Implications

Authors: K.B. Amaral, Andre C.; Sposito, Andrei C.

Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology, Volume 4, Number 4, October 2006 , pp. 409-416(8)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

Lipid metabolism can modulate structural and functional characteristics of the vascular system. Recent studies suggested that dyslipidemia may also affect the hemodynamic response to salt intake through the impairment of intravascular volume regulation and cellular sodium handling. Indeed, dyslipidemia may affect sodium homeostasis through several pathways, including defective nitric oxide and eicosanoid production, enhanced renin-angiotensin system activity and increased sympathetic response. Moreover, dyslipidemia directly affects cellular membrane viscosity and modifies membrane ion transport activity. In line with this evidence, attenuation of the above mentioned mechanisms has been demonstrated after lipid-lowering treatment. From the clinical point of view, such interaction between plasma lipids and sodium homeostasis may adversely affect the clinical presentation of diseases such as salt-sensitive hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal diseases with proteinuria or sodium retention.

This review considers the interplay between plasma lipids and sodium homeostasis and its potential clinical implication.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia; hypertension; salt-sensitivity; endothelial function; sodium

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016106778521607

Affiliations: 1: Instituto do Coracao (InCor-DF), Estrada do Contorno do Bosque S/N, Cruzeiro Novo - DF, 70658-700, Brazil.

Publication date: 2006-10-01

More about this publication?

Vascular disease is the commonest cause of death in Westernized countries and its incidence is on the increase in developing countries. It follows that considerable research is directed at establishing effective treatment for acute vascular events. Long-term treatment has also received considerable attention (e.g. for symptomatic relief). Furthermore, effective prevention, whether primary or secondary, is backed by the findings of several landmark trials.

Vascular disease is a complex field with primary care physicians and nurse practitioners as well as several specialties involved. The latter include cardiology, vascular and cardio thoracic surgery, general medicine, radiology, clinical pharmacology and neurology (stroke units). Current Vascular Pharmacology will publish reviews to update all those concerned with the treatment of vascular disease. For example, reviews commenting on recently published trials or new drugs will be included. In addition to clinically relevant topics we will consider 'research-based' reviews dealing with future developments and potential drug targets. Therefore, another function of Current Vascular Pharmacology is to bridge the gap between clinical practice and ongoing research.

Debates will also be encouraged in the correspondence section of this journal.

Lipid Modulation of Intravascular and Cellular Sodium Handling:Mechanistic Insights and Potential Clinical Implications

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